A recent paper reported that obesity induced by a high-fat diet in mice triggered the activation of an NLRP3 inflammasome in M1 macrophages resident on adipose tissue and in the lungs, resulting in an amplification of IL-1β production, the subsequent ILC3 activation, and IL-17 secretion, which in turn facilitates AHR in these patients [61]; this is a novel mechanism that has not been previously linked with airway disease [159]. Here, NLRP3 is linked to obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.