Although the different roles of the expression of PD-L1, CD39, CD73, and A2AR in tumor and immune cells were unclear, our findings suggested that the influence of the A2AR pathway and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis on the interaction between the immune system and tumor cells in the tumor microenvironment might be linked with cancer progression in RCC. The gene discussed is ENTPD1; the disease is cancer.