TNF and Encephalopathy: The resultant cytokine storm may also cause a surge in interleukin (IL)-2, IL-7, interferon-γ, inducible protein 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, macrophage inflammatory protein 1-α, and tumor necrosis factor-α leading to hyperinflamation. This systemic inflammation causes severe encephalopathy in the patient, and that may lead even to stroke.