First, we found there was a significant increase IL8 concentration and circulating myeloperoxidase (MPO)–DNA complex, a well-established marker of NETs formation, in the plasma of SCEL overexpressed group than in control, but no neutrophil number difference between two groups (Fig. 5A-C), the same result can also be observed in the gallbladder cancer patients sample (Supplementary Fig. S6). Here, MPO is linked to gallbladder cancer.