Given that MGN (both primary and secondary types due to hepatitis B and lupus nephritis) has been shown to be a common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults in African studies of kidney biopsies, differentiating primary from secondary type is important for making therapeutic decisions.[3, 6, 14] There are currently no studies in Africa assessing the utility of serum or glomerular PLA2R or THSD7A for accurately identifying patients with PMN. This evidence concerns the gene PLA2R1 and hepatitis B virus infection.