MAPK3 and hydrops fetalis: Statins were reported to effectively reverse the hypertrophic states of the myocardium and retard the remodeling process to HF through their pleiotropic effects independent of cholesterol-lowering, including inhibition of p21 ras activation 13 or a small GTP-binding protein, GDP dissociation stimulator, mediated inhibition of Rac1, Rho kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 pathways 14.