It has been reported that IL-6 exerts a protective effect on macrophages to limit excessive inflammation in type 2 diabetes.39 Moreover, IL-6 was found to be a key effector in promoting the suppressive capacity of MDSCs.40,41 In this study, exosomes prepared from MSCs with IL-6 gene silencing showed markedly decreased effects on enhancing the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs, indicating that IL-6 released by OE-MSC-Exos is involved in enhancing the immunosuppressive function of MDSCs. This evidence concerns the gene IL6 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.