INS and atherosclerosis: Significantly enriched KEGG pathways in the endothelial cell transcriptome also included insulin signalling (12 DEGs, P = 0.034) and fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis (9 DEGs, P = 9.03E−03), phospholipase D signalling (8 DEGs, P = 0.016) and AGE-RAGE signalling in diabetic complications (10 DEGs, P = 5.89E−03) (Fig. 3b).