Consistent with the recent study conducted by Zhao Y et al. [19], we found that the percentages of Th17 and Th2 cell in the peripheral Th cells, as well as the concentrations of IL-17 and IL-5 in sputum were higher in children with asthma than those in healthy controls, which suggested that both Th17-mediated immunity and Th2-mediated immunity were involved in the pathogenesis of childhood asthma. The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is asthma.