<h4>Background</h4>Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans histiocytosis with slow progression over the years that is particularly difficult to diagnose.<h4>Cases</h4>Here we report three cases of ECD without BRAF mutation presenting with a renal mass, hairy kidney appearance, and a rather benign course, for which the diagnosis of ECD was delayed, characterized by multiple investigations and unsuccessful treatments attempts. This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and Erdheim-Chester disease.