Therefore, we analysed the CGGA dataset and found that CTGF expression was upregulated in gliomas, and that its expression level was significantly inversely correlated with the prognosis of glioma patients, in line with previous studies on breast, prostate, glioma, pancreatic, and colon cancer, as well as thyroid carcinoma, chondrosarcoma, gallbladder carcinoma, melanoma, and leukaemia [37]. Here, CCN2 is linked to gallbladder carcinoma.