Based on the analysis of GSE3325 microarray dataset (Fig. 1a), 11 genes including UBE2C, NUF2, CENPF, AURKA, CCDC102B, TGM3, LOC102724927, INHBE, LYPD1, LHFPL4, TNNI3, were highly expressed in PCa samples, whereas 20 genes (SYNM, PGM5-AS1, IGF1, WFDC1, TENM2, MME, LEPREL1, ZNF385B, KRT23, APOBEC3G, SFRP2, ATP1A2, MAOB, CLIP4, LOC101928386, PXDNL, BC021061, GCG, NRG4, RANBP3L) were poorly expressed in PCa samples compared with normal samples. Here, IGF1 is linked to posterior cortical atrophy.