We recently reported that the glomerular endothelium of diabetic mice expresses TLR2 and TLR4, and that the TLR2/4-ligand P. gingivalis LPS causes glomerulosclerosis in diabetic mice with the accumulation of type 1 collagen and inflammatory cytokines in glomeruli [27–29]. Here, TLR4 is linked to glomerulosclerosis.