In apoprotein E knockout (ApoE−/−) mice fed with a high-fat diet, an ethanolic extract of Chinese propolis (160 mg/kg/day for 14 weeks) inhibited atherosclerosis through a combination of cholesterol modulation, inflammation regulation and the inhibition of endothelin and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion [69]. This evidence concerns the gene VEGFA and atherosclerosis.