Although conflicting results were reported regarding the roles played by smARF and full-length ARF in autophagy, shRNA-mediated silencing of ARF in a B cell lymphoma model impaired autophagy and tumor growth, suggesting that ARF plays a cytoprotective function in some, but not necessarily all, cancer cells [26,85,86,87]. This evidence concerns the gene CDKN2A and B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma.