Similarly, we are able to identify the HF stages and progression or prognosis by monitoring dynamic changes in the levels of related biomarkers including neurohormones (e.g., renin–Ang–aldosterone system (RAAS) system), myocyte strain-specific molecules (e.g., BNP and pro-BNP), cardiac injury-induced peptides (e.g., troponin), pro-inflammatory mediators, and oxidative stress components. The gene discussed is NPPB; the disease is hydrops fetalis.