TGFB1 and neoplasm: On one hand, neutrophils generate and release a large amount of VEGF-A, IL-l, IL-6, IL-8, TNFa, TGF, and other inflammatory factors and cytokines 20 through the TGF-β signaling pathway in an inflammatory response, generating a microenvironment suitable for tumor survival and affecting tumor immunity to induce tumor angiogenesis, proliferation, and invasion 29-31.