As a complementary approach to LMP1 transfection in NP69 cells, we used the C666-1 NPC cell line in which NF-κB signaling is known to be endogenously-activated via somatic mutation of its negative regulators TRAF3, CYLD, and TNFAIP312,13. The gene discussed is TRAF3; the disease is nasopharyngeal carcinoma.