Interestingly, the lead SNP at the MANBA/UBE2D3 locus, rs223486, is an intergenic variant located in a region (±500 kb) that harbors several other genes (CISD2, NFKB1, SLC9B1/2, BDH2 and CENPE) (Supplementary Fig. 2b) with reported inflammatory and autoimmune disease associations31,32. This evidence concerns the gene UBE2D3 and autoimmune disease.