GK and type 2 diabetes mellitus: In general, the extract exerted a better activation of FFAR-1 and GK than the pure compounds with IC50 value of 77 μg/mL in INS-1E dual-layer cell culture and of 44 μg/mL in HepG2 cells; therefore, the anthocyanin fraction could be considered a better candidate for ameliorating T2D treatment than pure compounds [81].