As shown by monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) inhibiting cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4), and programmed cell death protein1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) [150,151], immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), referred to as novel immunotherapeutic agents, have shown very promising clinical implications for advanced hematologic malignancies. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is hematologic disorder.