Although these phenomena represent mechanisms whereby CKD-induced mineral dysregulation leads to VC, a more accurate description would be that calcification is the consequence of the aforementioned pro-osteogenic mechanisms combined with the concomitant failure or downregulation of calcification inhibitors, such as vitamin-K dependent matrix-Gla protein (MGP) [40,41], inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) [42], fetuin A [43], and osteoprotegerin (OPG) [44]. The gene discussed is TNFRSF11B; the disease is chronic kidney disease.