MAPK3 and cancer: Here, we found that ten cancer types (including those of the lung [Welch t-test, t = 5.4, p = 7.7 × 10−8], skin [t = 9.8, p = 1.14 × 10−21] and brain [t = 7.3, p = 3.35 × 10−13]) were significantly more dependent on signalling through the ERK1/2 pathway than were other cancer cell types (Fig. 3c; Supplementary File 3).