Importantly, consistent with data from our cell and ex vivo models, GLS activity was significantly higher in LGA biopsies relative to LGOG and gliosis (Fig. 9g), NAMPT activity was significantly higher in LGOG biopsies relative to LGA and gliosis (Fig. 9h) and expression of the alanine transporters ASCT2 and LAT2 were higher in both LGOG and LGA biopsies relative to gliosis (Fig. 9i). This evidence concerns the gene GLS and Gliosis.