Nilsson et al. showed that urinary exosomes in prostate cancer patients express prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate cancer gene-3 (PCA-3), transmembrane serine protease 2-erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS) transcription factor family member-related gene fusion (TMPRSS2-ERG) and other prostate cancer-related markers, indicating the potential for the diagnosis and monitoring of cancer patients [333]. This evidence concerns the gene KLK3 and prostate cancer.