Moreover, high levels of HO-1 have been detected in many pathologies and are associated with a deteriorated inflammatory response, leading to a decrease of the substrate heme and an increase of the anti-inflammatory products, which could impair the development of protective microbial immunity [44,45,46,47], cancer [39,40], or contribute to neurodegenerative diseases [41,42,43]. This evidence concerns the gene HMOX1 and cancer.