Due to these multifaceted neural effects, FGF-2 was shown to be involved in many neurologic and neurodegenerative diseases such as epilepsy, Huntington’s disease (HD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), multiple sclerosis (MS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) as well as psychiatric disorders including anxiety, autism spectrum disorder (ASD), depression, schizophrenia and drug-related abusive disorders [22,102,103,104,105,106,107,108,109,110,111,112]. This evidence concerns the gene FGF2 and proximal spinal muscular atrophy.