In fact, hyperinsulinemia, independent of BMI, is a key contributor to PCOS pathogenesis [7,8] as it results in augmented androgen production in the adrenal cortex and follicles via stimulation of LH secretion, while concomitantly reducing SHBG (sex hormone binding globulin) synthesis [8]. The gene discussed is SHBG; the disease is polycystic ovary syndrome.