GDF15 and cancer: Based on the presence/absence of anorexia, the GDF-15 serum levels were significantly higher in anorexic (median 7.11, IQR 6.86;7.49) vs. non-anorexic cancer patients (median 6.70 IQR 6.50; 7.16) (p = 0.005) and vs. controls (median 6.31 IQR 6.09; 6.73) (p < 0.0001), as well as higher in non-anorexic cancer patients vs. controls (p = 0.006) (Figure 1B).