In first-line treatment, first-generation EGFR TKIs erlotinib, gefitinib, and icotinib and second-generation afatinib and dacomitinib have exhibited advantages over various platinum-based chemotherapy in phase III trials for the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC with activating EGFR mutations. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.