CXCR4 and cancer: Results showed that anti-CXCR4 scFvs induced the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax, p-p53, c-caspase-8, and c-caspase-3 and decreased the expression of Bcl-2 and pro-caspase-9 in all three cancer cell lines compared to the PBS control (Figure 7).