LOX and neoplasm: To exploit excessive tumor lactate production, Tseng et al. developed a lactate-responsive nanocarrier, self-assembled from hyaluronic acid (HA) conjugated with 6-(2 nitroimidazole) hexylamine and loaded with magnetized adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) and lactate oxidase (LOX) for controlled release of magnetized AAV2 in the hypoxic, lactate-rich tumor microenvironment 93.