As we mentioned above, most of them were involved in the carcinogenesis (e.g. KEAP1, SMARCA4, MYCL, SOX9, STK11), cell cycle regulation (e.g. CCND3, SEL1L3), DNA replication, transcription and damage repair (e.g. PPHLN1, MOV10L1, ID3, CIC, FLCN, PRPF39, RRP1B, ARPC2, CEBPA), immune response pathways (e.g. IRF8, HSPA1B, CCR4, SOCS1), chemotherapeutic drug transport and metabolism (e.g. ERCC2, MTRR, PIGF, SDHC, TSHR) in NSCLC. The gene discussed is PPHLN1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.