A study investigating the protective effects and underlying mechanism of WZYZP on testicular dysfunction in ageing rats showed that WZYZP effectively downregulated the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins p-JNK, Caspase12, and CHOP in testicular germ cell and significantly decreased the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells, which improved age-related testicular dysfunction (Zhao M. P. et al., 2019). Here, DDIT3 is linked to age.