We compared the expression patterns of four published gene sets, including two gene sets determined by IDH-wildtype GBM cellular models (GBM GSC core TF and GBM stemness score), along with two stemness gene sets based on single-cell transcriptomic analyses of oligodendrogliomas and IDH-mutant gliomas8,40–42 (Supplementary information, Fig. S8c). Here, TF is linked to glioblastoma.