Since we previously observed lower pre-ART levels of IL-6 and acute phase protein (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein) in TB-IRIS patients, we hypothesized that ANCA levels would also be lower in TB-IRIS patients, mirroring sub-optimal neutrophil activation, and consequently a diminished ability in these patients to clear the pre-ART antigen load. The gene discussed is IL6; the disease is tuberculosis.