Between the YND and AGD AF, there were 45 DEGs, with COL1A1 and MMP1 more abundant in YND and COL10A1, WNT signalling (WIF1, WNT16), inflammatory (TNFAIP6, CXCL14, IL11), and fibrosis-associated (FN1, CXCL14) genes more abundant in AGD (Figure 6—figure supplement 1G). Here, IL11 is linked to atrial fibrillation.