The greatest difference was between YND and AGD NP, with 216 DEGs (Figure 6—figure supplement 1H), with a marked loss of NP markers (KRT19, CD24), and gain of AF (THBS1, DCN), proteolytic (ADAMTS5), and EMT (COL1A1, COL3A1, PDPN, NT5E, LTBP1) markers with age. Here, THBS1 is linked to atrial fibrillation.