These measures include reducing mechanical ventilation times, optimizing the range of target oxygen saturation (90–95%), improving nutritional contributions (early parenteral nutrition with high protein intake and early initiation of enteral nutrition, promoting breastfeeding or the use of donated human milk), modifying the criteria for central venous channeling, restricting umbilical arterial catheterization to the extent possible, implementing restrictive criteria for the preventive use of erythropoietin, and establishing infection screening systems (zero bacteremia). This evidence concerns the gene EPO and infection.