Likewise, it was shown that Hpc-bone marrow MSCs (BM-MSCs) enhanced the angiogenesis and neurogenesis in cerebral ischemia rat model through upregulation of growth factors including BDNF, GDNF, VEGF, and erythropoietin with downregulation of inflammatory cytokines [21]. This evidence concerns the gene GDNF and Cerebral ischemia.