For KEGG pathway analysis, the anti-cancer mechanisms of SA might be tightly associated with multiple interfered pathways including TNF signaling pathway, NF-κB signaling pathway, regulation of autophagy, Hif-1α signaling, chemokine signaling pathway, focal adhesion signaling, Ras signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling, FoxO signaling, p53 signaling and VEGF signaling (Figure 4E). Here, TNF is linked to cancer.