In a clinical study, GAS5 was specifically down-regulated in the sera of patients with CAD (Yin et al., 2017): GAS5 expression was greatly down-regulated in patients with CAD compared to its levels in normal controls and in patients with diabetes mellitus (the expression levels of GAS5 were decreased only in patients with CAD) (Indolfi et al., 2019). Here, GAS5 is linked to diabetes mellitus.