Hypothesizing that the hematopoietic stem cell-enriched CD34+ fraction of BM-MNCs contained the functional subset of cells responsible for repair during ischemic CNS injury, Moniche et al. (2012) conducted a Phase I/II study in which 160 million autologous CD34+ BM-MNCs were infused intra-arterially (MCA) into 10 patients within 5–9 days of stroke onset. The gene discussed is CD34; the disease is stroke disorder.