SNCA and Parkinson disease: While mutant α-synuclein enhances mitochondrial fragmentation, impairs the mitochondrial respiratory activity and induces neuronal death by inducing the displacement of wt α-synuclein from the inner-mitochondrial membrane (Kamp et al., 2010; Nakamura et al., 2011; Guardia-Laguarta et al., 2014), it must be noted that wt α-synuclein, in fact, promotes fusion and its expression may be a compensatory and protective mechanism to prevent hyperfission in PD (Berthet et al., 2014; Guardia-Laguarta et al., 2014; Menges et al., 2017).