Moreover, the rate of inhibitory serine phosphorylation of IRS-1 (as a marker of insulin resistance), independent of even T2DM or the APOEε4 allele, rose gradually from previously healthy suspects to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD patients, correlated with the quantity of Aß deposits and was inversely associated with episodic and working memory (Talbot et al., 2012). Here, IRS1 is linked to Insulin resistance.