PPARGC1A and Parkinson disease: Jointly, the PGC1α-induced transcriptional changes in mitochondria-associated genes protect from MPTP oxidative assault in cell and animal models of PD, whereas the deletion of PGC1α exacerbates MPTP-induced injury and excitotoxicity (Scarpulla, 2002, 2006; Kang and Hamasaki, 2005; St.-Pierre et al., 2006; Mudo et al., 2012; Quan et al., 2020).