STAT3 and non-small cell lung carcinoma: We demonstrate that STAT3 was indeed activated in NSCLC cells, as shown by increased expression of phospho(Tyr705)-STAT3 by immunoblotting (Fig. 9A) and of cyclin D1 and Bcl-XL, STAT3 targets, by RT-PCR (Fig. 9B) analysis, as compared with NHBE cells.