Essentially, intermittent fasting also exerts pro-cognitive and neurotrophic effects by restoring diabetes-induced hippocampal-dependent spatial memory deficits and the morphology of postsynaptic density of the neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region in addition to the activation of BDNF/pCREB/PSD-95 signaling cascade [287]. Here, BDNF is linked to diabetes mellitus.