Since 2011, much excitement has been generated in the melanoma field, with the development and US Food and Drug Administration approval of novel targeted therapies (e. g., small molecule BRAF and MEK inhibitors) and immune checkpoint inhibitor therapies (e. g., Anti-CTLA4 and Anti-PDL-1 antibodies) [61,62,65–67]. This evidence concerns the gene CTLA4 and melanoma.