CASP4 and infection: In order to gain mechanistic insights of Tir-induced caspase-4 activation, we performed proteomics analysis of SNU-C5 cells following infection of unprimed and IFNγ-primed cells with EPEC-0, EPEC-2, EPEC-1-TirAA-EspZ, EPEC-1, and EPEC-1-TirAA, using isobaric labelling (S5A Fig).