IFNA1 and COVID-19: While conflicting results on IFN-I in COVID-19 patients have been reported, the use of IFNβ to treat early-stage COVID-19 has had a positive response from several clinical trials (NCT04276688) and more studies are in progress that include the use of IFNα and IFNγ (NCT04343976; Wang et al., 2020a).