EGF and neoplasm: The known mechanisms include (1) binding to the EGFR receptor on the surface of tumor cells with high affinity and competitively blocking the binding of EGF and EGFR, thus inhibiting the expression of downstream genes; (2) binding to the Fc fragment on the surface of immune cells to induce cell-mediated cytotoxicity; and (3) inducing EGFR into the cell and reducing the phosphorylation level of EGFR, thus inhibiting the proliferation and metastasis of tumor cells [10].