VSNL1 and Acute encephalopathy: The majority of current studies on VSNL1 have focused on Alzheimer's disease and acute encephalopathy [2, 3]; however, VSNL1 is overexpressed in squamous cell carcinoma, neuroblastoma, non-small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer, and other tumor types, where it is involved in tumor invasion and metastasis [4–7].